منابع مشابه
Proton Gradients and Proton-Dependent Transport Processes in the Chloroplast
Proton gradients are fundamental to chloroplast function. Across thylakoid membranes, the light induced -proton gradient is essential for ATP synthesis. As a result of proton pumping into the thylakoid lumen, an alkaline stromal pH develops, which is required for full activation of pH-dependent Calvin Benson cycle enzymes. This implies that a pH gradient between the cytosol (pH 7) and the strom...
متن کاملStreptococcus faecalis proton gradients and tetracycline transport.
The transport of chlortetracycline by Streptococcus faecalis is energy dependent. Addition of glucose to energy-depleted cells enhances both the transport rates and accumulation levels. Transport rates can be altered independently of glucose by treating cells with ionophores that increase or decrease the proton gradient. The transport of the antibiotic is linked only to the transmembrane pH dif...
متن کاملProton gradients at the origin of life.
Chemiosmotic coupling - the harnessing of electrochemical ion gradients across membranes to drive metabolism - is as universally conserved as the genetic code. As argued previously in these pages, such deep conservation suggests that ion gradients arose early in evolution, and might have played a role in the origin of life. Alkaline hydrothermal vents harbour pH gradients of similar polarity an...
متن کاملStress response in cyanobacteria
Cyanobacteria are an important source of natural products. In this article, we briefly review the responses of cyanobacteria to different stresses. Abiotic stresses (temperature, salt, heavy metals, metalloid and ultraviolet (UV) influence cell growth and metabolism in cyanobacteria. Salt stress is a major abiotic factor that decrease...
متن کاملIs there a significant transmural gradient in repolarization time in the intact heart?: Repolarization Gradients in the Intact Heart.
In 1880, Burdon-Sanderson and Page recorded the ECG of the frog simultaneously with monophasic action potentials from the base and the apex of the left ventricle (LV).1 Part of the ventricular muscle was injured with a hot wire, and monophasic action potentials were recorded as the potential difference between the injured region and an uninjured area. The ECG was recorded with a capillary elect...
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ژورنال
عنوان ژورنال: Plant Physiology
سال: 1987
ISSN: 0032-0889,1532-2548
DOI: 10.1104/pp.84.1.25